1. Nomenclature 🏷️
   • Systematic Names: Based on the number of carbons and double bonds.
   • Common Names: Often used, e.g., oleic acid, palmitic acid.
2. Classification 🧪
   • Saturated Fatty Acids: No double bonds (e.g., stearic acid).
   • Monounsaturated Fatty Acids: One double bond (e.g., oleic acid).
   • Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Multiple double bonds (e.g., linoleic acid).
3. Principal Sources 🍳
   • Saturated: Animal fats (e.g., butter).
   • Monounsaturated: Olive oil, avocados.
   • Polyunsaturated: Sunflower oil, fish

🔸 Fatty Acid Composition in Triglycerides:

• Fatty acids contribute 94-96% of the total weight in triglycerides.
• They influence both chemical and physical properties of glycerides.
• Hydrophobic character is limited to the fatty acid's properties.
• Naturally occurring fatty acids are generally normal carboxylic acids.
• Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds; unsaturated ones have double bonds.

🔸 Saturated Fatty Acids:

• Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains.

• They are typically solid at room temperature.

• Found in various animal and plant sources.

• Saturated fats tend to raise LDL cholesterol levels in the bloodstream, which can contribute to cardiovascular health issues when consumed in excess.

• Some saturated fats, like lauric acid in coconut oil, have unique properties and may not have the same negative impact on cholesterol as others.

• Moderation in the consumption of saturated fats is generally recommended for a balanced diet.

  Carbon Atoms	Common Fatty Acid	Occurrence
  4	Butyric	Milk fats
  6	Caproic	Milk fats, coconut, palm kernel oils
  8	Caprylic	Coconut, palm kernel oils
  10	Capric	Milk fats, palm kernel oils
  12	Lauric	Coconut oil, palm kernel oil, babassu butter
  14	Myristic	Milk fats, coconut oil
  16	Palmitic	Lard, tallow, palm oil, cocoa butter
  18	Stearic	Most fats and oils
  20	Arachidic	Widely distributed but in small quantities
  22	Behenic	Occurs but not in common fats
  24	Lignoceric	Found in various vegetable oils

🔸 Unsaturated Fatty Acids: