For multi-views, the following terms are used frequently.
Vertical plane: A vertical plane, also known as ‘Front Reference Plane’, is assumed to be placed vertically and is denoted by V.P. See Fig. 5.2(a) and (b). Horizontal plane: A horizontal plane, also known as ‘Horizontal Reference Plane’, is assumed to be placed horizontally and is denoted by H.P. It is perpendicular to the V.P. Profile plane: The plane perpendicular to both the principal planes, as shown in Fig. 5.2(b), is known as a profile plane. The plane on the right end of the principal planes is known as the right profile plane, while the plane on the left end of the principal planes is known as the left profile plane. Reference line: The line of intersection between the principal planes is the known as reference line. It is also popularly called an XY line. Front view: The view of an object obtained by observing it from the front and drawn on the V.P. is known as the front view (FV) or elevation. Top view: The view of an object obtained by observing it from the top and drawn on the H.P. is known as the top view (TV) or plan. Side view: The view of an object obtained by observing it from the left-hand side or right-hand side drawn on a profile plane, is known the side view.
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION IN ENGINEERING DRAWING IN HINDI (Part-1) @TIKLESACADEMYOFMATHS
ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION IN ENGINEERING DRAWING IN HINDI (Part-2) @TIKLESACADEMYOFMATHS
The orthographic projections are obtained on two principal planes (also known as reference planes) having negligible thickness, namely, vertical plane ( V.P.) and horizontal plane ( H.P.), as shown in Fig. 5.2(a). The principal planes are perpendicular to each other and they divide the space into four quadrants. They are usually called angles, and the following terms are used to defi ne them.
